Практикум по грамматике структура английского предложения Структура There is/ There are

Выберите требуемый по смыслу модальный глагол

You (can, may, must) lift this bag, it’s not heavy.
Shall I help you? – No, you (shan’t, mustn’t, needn’t). I’ll do it myself.
The meeting (is, has, shall) to begin at 7, look at the notice.
I’ll (have, am, can) to stay at home, I feel unwell.
Will you (be able to, can, must) play tennis after this operation?
He has to come here on foot, (doesn’t, hasn’t, won’t) he?
(Can, may, have) you play the piano? – Certainly. I went to the music school.
(May, must, shall) I have another cup of tea?
Must he come now? – No, he (mustn’t, needn’t, can’t). He may come tomorrow.
Sorry, you (needn’t, mustn’t, aren’t) smoke here. It’s a non-smoking area.

Вставьте частицу `to` там, где это необходимо

We are … meet him at the station, as we agreed.
They will be able … visit you next summer.
He can … understand spoken English well.
She ought … write her Granny oftener.
They should … inform him about it.

Страдательный залог (Passive Voice)

Как образуются глагольные формы страдательного залога?

Какие глаголы не имеют страдательного залога?

Назовите варианты перевода страдательного залога на русский язык.

Выберите соответствующую форму глагола для перевода на английский язык сказуемого.

Этот дом был построен в прошлом году.
1. was being built
2. has been built
3. was built
Сейчас здесь строится новый супермаркет.
1. is being built
2. is building
3. is built
На этой неделе преподаватель объяснил (преподавателем был объяснен) новый материал.
1. had been explained
2. was explained
3. has been explained
Студентов экзуменуют два раза в год.
1. are being examined
2. is examined
3. are examined
«Вы были невнимательны, когда объяснялось это правило», - сказал преподаватель.
1. was explained
2. had been explained
3. was being explained
Цветы уже политы.
1. are watered
2. have been watered c) were watered
Такие столы делают из дорогого дерева.
1. are being made
2. have been made
3. are made
Этот фильм никогда не показывали по телевизору.
1. has never been shown
2. was never shown
3. had never been shown
Мою квартиру отремонтируют к субботе.
1. will be repaired
2. will have been repaired
3. is being repaired
Списки все еще печатаются.
1. are typed
2. are being typed
3. have been typed
Их еще не пригласили.
1. were not invited
2. had not been invited
3. have not been invited
Вам сообщат об этом завтра.
1. will be informed
2. will have been informed
3. are informed
Когда я вошел, обсуждение было прервано.

a) had been interrupted

was interrupted

c) has been interrupted

Земля была покрыта снегом.
1. was being covered
2. was covered
3. had been covered

Раскройте скобки, произведя необходимые изменеия

I’m not wearing my black shoes today. They (mend).
This copy (not read). The pages (not cut).
Why the car (not lock) or (put) into the garage?
The damaged ship (tow) into harbor when the towline broke.
This room (use) only on special occasions.
Bicycles must (not leave) in the hall.
He was taken to hospital this afternoon, and (operate on) tomorrow morning.
It was a lonely road, and the girl was afraid; she thought she (follow).
The paintings (exhibit) till the end of the month.
The little girl is the only child in the family, and she (spoil) by her parents and grandparents.
Normally this street (sweep) every day, but it (not sweep) yesterday.
It was very cold yesterday afternoon, but we couldn’t light a fire in the sitting-room; the chimney (sweep).
This purse (leave) in a classroom yesterday, it (find) by the cleaner.
Thousands of new houses (build) every year.
When I saw the car, it (drive) at over fifty miles an hour.
This room (not use) for ages.
The children are very excited this morning. They (take) to the circus this afternoon.
My keys (return) to me; they (pick up) in the street.
Dogs must (keep) on leads in the gardens.
Dictionaries may (not use) at the examination.

Переведите на английский язык

Все картины, которые вы здесь видите, написаны одним художником.
Эта история давно забыта всеми.
Моего брата посылают в командировку. Сейчас он готовится к отъезду.
Работа будет закончена в срок.
За доктором послали? Сделайте это как можно скорее. У ребенка высокая температура.
Это книга была написана до того, как автор стал знаменитым.
Сотни новых домов будут построены к концу этого года.
Он сказал мне, что его костюм шьет первоклассный портной.
Мне предложили очень интересную работу.
Он серьезный человек. На него всегда можно положиться.
За старой женщиной ухаживает ее младшая дочь.
На вечере нам показали прекрасный фильм.
В дом попала молния.
С ним необходимо немедленно поговорить по этому вопросу.
Вам могут задать вопрос по домашнему чтению на экзамене.
Ей было дано задание составить список участников концерта.
Речь была заслушана с большим вниманием.
Поход пришлось отложить из-за плохой погоды.
Об этой пьесе сейчас много говорят.
Делегацию нужно встретить (по предварительной договоренности) завтра в 9 часов утра в аэропорту.

Условные придаточные предложения

Употребите глаголы в скобках в нужной форме

А E x a m p l e: If he (come) tomorrow, he will help us. – If he comes tomorrow, he will help us.
1. If you (put) salt on ice, it will melt. 2. If he (leave) now, he will miss the rush hour. 3. Provided that she (service) the car, we’ll be able to drive to the country. 4. Unless he (do) his homework, he’ll stay at home. 5. Providing that we (get up) early, we’ll reach the place of destination in time. 6. They will let us know if they (see) him.
B E x a m p l e: If he (come) tomorrow, he would help us. – If he came tomorrow, he would help us.

1. If you met the president, what you (do)? 2. If he (live) nearer, we would see each other more often. 3. I might go for a walk if the weather (be) nice. 4. I would call him up if he (come) tomorrow. 5. If I were as young as you are, I (sail) in a boat round the world. 6. I would go skiing if there (be) more snow. 7. She would play tennis if it (not be) so hot. 8. If I (be) in his shoes, I wouldn’t invite the Browns. 9. If we (not have) to study, we would go out tonight. 10. Where you (go) if you were on leave?

C E x a m p l e: If he (come) yesterday, he would have helped us. – If he had come yesterday, he would have helped us.

1. She (notice) this mistake if she had been more attentive. 2. I might have gone on an excursion with you if I (know) about it beforehand. 3. If we (know) that you were there, we would have called on you. 4. If I had known of his arrival, I (meet) him. 5. Nobody told me about your trouble. I would have helped you if I (know) about it. 6. If you had tried your best, you (get) the job. 7. If he (not work) late, he would have caught his bus. 8. If May had agreed to sit in for us, we (go) to the movie yesterday. 9. He (pass) his exams well if he had studied hard. 10. I would have prepared everything yesterday if I (receive) your message on Monday.

Выберите правильный вариант глагола в главном предложении

If I had read the book I (will tell; tell; would tell) you about it.
When you go travelling to the mountains, (are; will be; be) very attentive.
If you go in for landscape painting, you (spend; will spend; would spend) a lot of time out-of-doors.
If we had left the house earlier, we (won’t miss; wouldn’t have missed; wouldn’t miss) the train last Sunday.
If she had enough time, she (would wash up; will wash up; washes up) before you leave.

Выберите правильный вариант сказуемого придаточного предложения

If you (buy; bought; will buy) any more books we won’t have any place to sleep. 2. If I (am given; will be given; had been given) the book, I would have read it. 3. If he (was; had been; were) in your place, he would write the letter in English. 4. He made himself comfortable as if it (were; had been; was) his own flat. 5. I wish I (was; had been; were) there last night.

Выберите правильный вариант

I would (have brought; bring) the book, but you did not tell me you needed it. 2. It would (be; have been) wise of you to consult a dentist twice a year. 3. I think nobody would (object; have objected) to having a party tomorrow. 4. I didn’t know that it was so important for you. I would (do; have done) it long ago. 5. In your place I wouldn’t (argue; have argued) with her yesterday. She is your boss. 6. Last year he wouldn’t (say; have said) so of John. 7. I wouldn’t (worry; have worried) about it now. Everything will clear up soon. 8. We would (stay; have stayed) for an hour, but it is rather late. 9. We did not know that we would come to the lake. We would (take; have taken) our rods. 10. I would (go; have gone) to sea, but my father wanted me to be a lawyer.

Употребите глаголы в скобках в нужной форме

He failed to appreciate our difficulty. He (behave) differently, if he (realize) the situation.
He often asks me about you. If you (come) to see him tonight, he (be) delighted.
Why did you leave so hurriedly? If you (stay) there for another week, he (finish) your portrait.
Why do you always talk in such a scornful manner? If I (be) in your shoes, I (not be) so rude.
If you (smoke) less, you (feel) much better.
I think that if you (tell) them that our invitation still stands, they (give) it another thought.
She (do) her best to save the situation if she (be) there but she was on business then.
Where you (go) if you (be) on leave now?
How about going to Spain? The weather (be) perfect if we (go) now, and we (be) able to go water-skiing.
If Jack (come) home earlier last night, he (call) you back.
If you (not complain) so much then, everyone (be) satisfied and she (not be) tired.
What you (reply) if somebody (apologize) to you?

Неличные формы глагола

Open the brackets and write the correct form of the infinitive

The doctor wanted the patient __________

a) to examine b) to be examined c) being examined

2. There are a lot of people who expect your country _____ the same as their own.

a) not to be b) not being c) not be

3. Did you hear the chairman ________ an announcement?

a) to make b) making c) be made

4. When I was waiting in the hall, I saw a girl ______ with a file in her hand.

a) came out b) to come out c) come out

5. Nobody expected the president of the company ______ to the party.

a) coming b) to come c) come

6. I saw him _____ round the corner and ____ .

a) turn; disappear b) to turn; to disappear c) turning; disappearing

7. She noticed the children ___ behind the tree but pretended to see nothing.

a) hiding b) to hide c) to be hidden
Инфинитив в качестве обстоятельства цели

Infinitive of purpose

Составьте предложения

Образец: I went for a walk to get some fresh air.

1. I went for a walk to make the house smell fine

2. I’m going to the library to buy a new car

3. I went to town to get some friends

4. I phoned the theatre to change how to get to my house

5. I want to borrow some money to visit my books

6. I’m going to Paris to explain some fresh air

7. I bought some flowers to do some shopping

8. I wrote to John to ask what time the play started
Infinitive with or without `to`

Put the verb in brackets into correct form, the infinitive with or without `to`

Example: I’d like to come (come) to the swimming pool, but I can’t swim (swim).

I can’t ____ (see) anything. It’s too dark.
Jane’s decided ____ (give) her husband a ring for Christmas.
Let’s ____ (go) to Rome for our holiday.
Shall I ____ (ring) the travel agent?
We’d love ____ (meet) your wife.
Could you ____ (tell) me the time, please?
Veronica couldn’t ____ (come) to the party, because she promised ____ (visit) her aunt.
John forgot ____ (turn) off the lights when he went to bed.
I couldn’t ____ (ride) a bike until I was eight, but I ____ (learn) to swim when I was three.
Can you ____ (help) me? I’d like ____ (buy) a new stereo.
I’ll ____ (see) you tomorrow!

The Complex Object

Open the brackets and use the Complex Object

E x a m p l e: He expected (they, arrive) at 5. – He expected them to arrive at 5.

1. Do you want (they, stay) at the hotel or with us? 2. I’d like (the professor, look through) my report. 3. Do you want (I, show) you the sights of the city? 4. WE expect (he, arrange) everything by the time we come. 5. I want (she, tell) me the news in brief. 6. He expected (the meeting, hold) in the Red Room. 7. I would like (they, fix) an appointment for me for Tuesday. 8. We want (she, introduce) us to the president. 9. I don’t want (they, be late) for dinner. 10. He expected (she, invite) to the party by the Smiths. 11. I’d like (the dress, buy) by Saturday. 12. I don’t want (she, treat) like Alice. 13. We considered (he, be) an honest person. 14. I don’t like (she, prevent) me from doing it. 15. I suspect (he, help) by her.

Составьте из двух предложений одно

E x a m p l e: I did not see him. He entered the house. – I did not see him enter the house.

I saw him. He was entering the house. – I saw him entering the house.

1. They did not notice us. We passed by.

2. He heard her. She was playing the piano.

3. He saw her. She burst into tears.

4. I felt her hand. It was shaking.

5. He hasn’t heard us. We called his name.

6. They haven’t seen the accident. It occurred at the corner.

7. I heard them. They were arguing.

8. She heard the footsteps. They were dying away.

9. She felt something. It was crawling around her neck.

10. We many times heard him. He told this story.

11. She noticed the expression of his face. It changed suddenly.

12. I heard somebody. He mentioned my name.

13. I felt something hard. It hurt my leg.

В следующих предложениях замените придаточное предложение сложным дополнением по данному образцу:

We expect that he will solve this problem soon. – We expect him to solve the problem soon.

I did not expect that she would forget about my birthday. 2. She saw how the children were playing in the park. 3. Do you know that he went abroad two days ago? 4. I like to watch how she dances. 5. She could hardly believe that he had been rescued. 6. He expects that everybody will be ready to do this work. 7. I don’t like when the children are late for dinner. 8. Don’t consider that he is a hero. He is an ordinary man. 9. I’ve heard how he was arguing with his father. 10. I suspect that he has taken my money. 11. She likes to watch how the sun sets. 12. I hate when people shout at each other. 13. They suppose that he will cope with this work. 14. I’ve heard how she was crying.

Выберите правильную форму причастия

The (breaking; broken) vase lay on the floor. 2. An (interesting; interested) tennis match took place yesterday. 3. We admired the (dancing; danced) girl. 4. The (blowing; blown) wind damaged the roof. 5. The (frightening; frightened) child burst out crying. 6. We entered the (crowding; crowded) room. 7. (Freezing; frozen) food is very convenient. 8. The sound of (running; run) water irritates me. 9. I bought it at a (reducing; reduced) price. 10. The (read; reading) boy noticed nobody.

Выберите правильный вариант перевода

Have you heard her playing the violin?
1. Вы слышали ее играющей на скрипке?
2. Вы слышали, как она играет на скрипке?
3. Вы слышали ее скрипку?
I watched the sun rising.

а. Я наблюдал, как восходит солнце.

b. Я наблюдал за восходящим солнцем.

с. Я наблюдал восходящее солнце.

He had a new suit made.

а. Он имел новый сшитый костюм.

b. Он имел новый костюм.

с. Ему сшили новый костюм.

I shall have the letter posted in the evening.

а. Я получу письмо, отправленное вечером.

b. Это письмо отправят вечером.

с. Это письмо мне отправят вечером.

They will have their house built.

а Они построят дом сами.

. b Им построят дом.

с. У них есть построенный дом.

Раскройте скобки, используя инфинитив

He made me (do) it all over again.
He made her (repeat) he message.
If you want us (get) there before dark you should let us (start) at once.
Would you like me (go) now?
They won’t let us (leave) the Customs till our luggage has been examined.
He wouldn’t let my baby (play) with his gold watch.
Please let me (know) your decision as soon as possible.
He made us (wait) for hours.
I’d like him (go) to a university, but I can’t make him (go).
I want her (learn) English, I think everybody must know it.
He tried to make me (believe) that he was my stepbrother.
I felt the house (shake) with the explosion.
Before he let us (go) he made us (promise) not to tell anybody what we had seen.
I advised him (ask) the bus-conductor to tell him where to get off.
She expects her husband (pay) all the household expenses although she has a good salary.

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