Практикум по грамматике структура английского предложения Структура There is/ There are

АКАДЕМИЯ СЕРВИСА И ЭКОНОМИКИ

Подготовительные курсы

ПРАКТИКУМ ПО ГРАММАТИКЕ

Структура английского предложения

Структура There is/ There are
1.1. Заполните пропуски, используя There is или There are.

________ a gas-stove and a fridge in our kitchen.
________ a lot of furniture in their flat.
________ some chocolate and a piece of cake on this plate.
________ no fruit at home. Will you go and buy some?
________ some magazines and a telephone on the table.
________ a lot of work to do this afternoon.
________ plenty of knives in the drawer.
________ good news for you!
________ some money in my purse.
________ a water-colour and some prints on the walls of this room.

Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя конструкцию there is / there are, неопределенные местоимения any, some, отрицательное местоимение no, а также их производные.

На улице много народу.
В кувшине нет молока.
За вашим домом есть сад?
За вашим садом есть площадь, не так ли?
В вашем городе есть парки?
У вас есть вопросы?
На столе около окна стоят часы.
На полке мои книги и тетради.
В моем столе ничего нет.
В этом журнале есть что-нибудь интересное?
Что там на столе? Там стоит чашка и три стакана.
Есть кто-нибудь в соседней комнате?
На столе есть соль, но мало.
Времени нет.

Пол и Дженни хотят снять на лето коттедж. Прочтите текст (объявление в газете) и выполните задание 1.3.1.

April Cottage, Devon

This lovely cottage is 500 years old. It is to the country, one mile from the village of Parkham Cross, where there is a Post Office and a small shop. There are some very good pubs and restaurants in the area. The cottage has a big garden with flowers and trees, where children can play safely. There are two double bedrooms, a bathroom, and a toilet. The living room has traditional and antique furniture, and an open fire.

Phone 0984 6552* colour TV* garage* electric cooker* sea three miles away*

1.3.1. Заполните пропуски.
Jenny Paul, look at this cottage!

Paul That’s nice. Where is it?

Jenny It’s in Devon. Isn’t it beautiful?

Paul Yes, it is. But is it big enough? ___1____ are there?

Jenny ____2___ two. That’s just right for four of us.

Paul The living room is nice, with antique furniture in it. But where do we eat? ___3____ a dining room?

Jenny I don’t know. But ___4___ a TV, a cooker in the kitchen. And __5____ where the children can play.

Paul Mm. ___6____ near a village?

Jenny Yes. The village of Parkham Cross is one mile away.

Paul What about shops? ___7____ in the village?

Jenny Yes, there are. It looks lovely.

Paul OK. Why don’t we book it?

Jenny Good idea!

Paul ______8_____?

Jenny 09846552.

Paul Right!

Вспомогательные глаголы

Am / is / are / do / does

Подберите правильный вспомогательный глагол (am / is / are / do / does / did)

______ he play tennis last Sunday?
______ he playing tennis now?
How often ______ you wash your hair?
_____ you wash it yesterday?
I _____ going to wash it tonight.
We ____ having dinner at the moment.
_____ you have dinner at this time every evening?
What ____ your parents going to do when they retire?
Where _____ your parents meet?
What time ____ Maria usually arrive at school?

Выберите правильный вариант

I (have, am, are, is) very busy today.
Who (have, has, is, are) some thin paper?
How many students (are, is, have, has) present?
There (is, are, have, am) many cars in front of the house.
There (is, are, have, am) a lot of apples on the plate.

Do / does/ have / has

Завершите следующие предложения, используя вспомогательные глаголы do / does или have / has.

1.”___ you got the time, please?” “Yes, it’s nearly four o’clock.”

2. “___ he have any children?” “Yes, one daughter.”

3.”How many brothers or sisters ____ you got?” “Two brothers.”

4.”____ they have an old house?” “Yes, much older than mine.”

5.”____you live near here?” “Yes, I ___.”

6.”____ your mother work in the bank?” “Yes, she ___.”

7.”____ she got a big flat?” “Yes, much bigger than ours.”

Типы вопросов

Выберите правильный вопрос к данному ответу

These are new computers.

a) What is this? b) Are these new or old computers?

c) Are these computers or TV sets?

2. There is a rainbow in the sky.

a) What is this? b) What is there in the sky? c) Where is a rainbow?

Общие вопросы

Ответьте на следующие вопросы о себе. Дайте краткий ответ.

Do you smoke?

Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Do you like science fiction?
Do you like classical music?
Do you listen to the radio?
Do your parents read a lot?
Does your teacher give you a lot of homework?
Does it rain a lot in your country?

Поставьте общие вопросы к следующим предложениям

1. It’s raining.

2. They’re at school.

3. They are learning English.

4. You’re tired.

5. She was at home last night.

6. I’m right.

7. He was born in 1989.

8. Jane can speak Danish.

9. There is a teapot on the table.

10. I work from nine to ten.

11. We are leaving for Hamburg next Saturday.

12. I have been busy the whole evening.

13. My friend studied in Sorbonne when he was young.

14. It is winter.

15. I can swim in cold water.

16. I had to go there in the daytime.

17. I will show you how to do it.

18. You must work hard.

19. I can’t read English authors in the original.

20. I wasn’t prepared to this sort of questions.

Специальные вопросы

Поставьте специальные вопросы

* к подлежащему

* к сказуемому

* к дополнениям, обстоятельствам

(Обратите внимание: в ряде случаев, чтобы поставить вопрос, приходится значительно видоизменять исходное предложение – мы задаем вопросы не к конкретным словам. А к заложенным в них значениям. Например, если требуется поставить вопрос к сказуемому в предложении с пассивной конструкцией, такой как: The man was run over by a car, то лучше, осмыслив, что произошло с подлежащим, так и спросить: What happened to the man?)

John visited me in the hospital yesterday.
A yellow bird fell on the roof of his “Pontiac”.
I was taken by surprise.
Despite the stormy weather he was able to swim to the shore.
He couldn’t reach the hammer, which lay on the shelf.
I have been cheated by the best friend.
A girl from Barbados wrote a letter to the BBC.
You have to stop near the traffic lights.

Альтернативные и разделительные вопросы

Поставьте альтернативные и разделительные вопросы к следующим предложениям:

I’m used to drinking a glass of milk before going to bed.

Are you used to drinking a glass of milk or a cup of tea before going to bed?

You are used to drinking a glass of milk before going to bed, aren’t you?

I like my tea with cream.
He decided to go to the theatre.
John had to walk to the village.
Although the weather was fine they decided to stay at home.
Last winter our class visited Rome.
We were invited to stay at the castle for a fortnight.
I’m fond of opera.
We are going to Moscow with my brother today.
If I don’t pass the exams I’ll try to do it again next time.

Исправьте ошибки в следующих предложениях:

At the weekend I’m usually go swimming.
Are you enjoy the film?
We can’t play tennis because it rains.
Do you can play chess?
How many sisters you have?
I no understand what you are saying.
What you do tonight?
What time you get home last night?
Last weekend I see some friends and we have a meal.
I’m loving English food. It’s wonderful!

Имена существительные и прилагателные

2.1 Вставьте артикль, где необходимо

Come to … blackboard and write … Exercise 5.
You have … mistake in … word “correspondence”.
I heard … knock at … door and went to open it.
John saw … small girl enter … house where he lived.
Is he still … young man? And we hope he’ll become … good pianist.
I don’t like … milk with my tea.
We bought … oranges and … butter.
Are … rooms in your flat tidy?
They are going to build … new house; … house they’ve been living in is too small for … family of six.
There is … love in her eyes.
I like … jam on … piece of … bread.
I prefer … book of … good poetry to … detective novel.
Can you give me … piece of … advice?
I worked as … shop-assistant in … local supermarket.
… young woman dressed in … red entered … room where … whole company gathered.
… London is on … Thames.
…Mexico is to … south of … United States of America.
… Urals separate … Europe from … Asia.
… Mississippi is … longest river in … world.
What is … capital of … Spain?

2.2. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо
There were only … two people in … hall when I went in, … man with … long beard and … child. … child was sitting on … chair by … window, playing with … small kitten, while … man with … beard was reading … newspaper.

Suddenly he put … newspaper on … table which stood by, and said, “…president is shot dead in … Alabama”, … child burst into … tears.

“Don’t cry”, said … man, “you wanted to be president, and you’ll be … next one”.
2.3. Вставьте артикли, где необходимо
1….ox is strong beast of … burden.

2. He asked for … glass of … fresh water.

3. He will give … course of … lectures on … history.

4. … snow covered … ground.

5. I thought I had shut … door, but it is still open.

6…. London of our … days differs greatly from … London of … days of … Shakespeare.

Pass me … salt, please.
… teacher took much … interest in … little Charles.
… unfortunate Tally cried bitterly.
… girl was carrying … spray of lilacs.
… Volga is … very important waterway.
I like … coffee for … breakfast.
She married … Smith we met … last year.
… heat is destructive to these plants.
… oaks are … very strong trees.
He was … editor of “Monthly”.
We shall talk it over at … dinner.
This is … different tea from … one we usually buy.
All passengers gathered on … deck.
… boy will be sent to … school … next year.
Open … drawer on … left.
… moon was shining brightly.
… Elbrus is … highest mountain in … Caucasus.
… Johnson settled here two years ago.
… Zoo was just opposite … house where he lived and he often went there as he liked … animals very much.
Not only we, … people of … Russia, but … whole world was watching… battle we were waging.
… next day there was … delightful weather, and … sun shone warmly.
Towards … evening we reached … little village.
… apple trees in … garden stood in … full blossom.
… day was so lovely, so full of … freshness of … spring.

2.4. Измените число существительных с единственного на множественное и внесите соответствующие изменеия в остальные члены предложения.

We have built a gigantic factory.
The ox has hurt its hoof, and cannot draw the cart.
The sheep is grazing in the meadow.
The tundra is green, and a deer is grazing in it.
There was a potato in the basket.
There was a fish in the net.
The key to the box is lost.
The roof of that house leaks, it needs repairing.
He brought a bucket of water from the river.
As soon as the train has arrived, the postman will deliver the letter.
A passer-by saw the accident.
This shelf contains several books on different subjects.
The hero was received with joy.
The leaf turned first yellow and then brown, and dropped off and was blown into the corner of the garden.
A fox often prowled about the farmyard, seeking a fat goose to carry off.

2.5. Измените форму прилагательных, данных в скобках

Kate is (young) than Mary.
John is the (clever) boy in the class.
The weather is (dull) today than it was yesterday.
London is one of the (big) cities in the world.
This sentence is (difficult) than the first one.
My dog is as (good) as yours.
His dog is (good) than yours.
Her dog is the (good) of the three.
The cat is much (happy) in her new home.
My cold is (bad) today than it was yesterday.
This mountain is the (high) in Europe.
This piece of homework is as (bad) as your last one.
This piece of homework is (bad) than your last one.
This piece of homework is the (bad) you have ever done.
Richard is not as (tall) as Tom.
Tom is (tall) than Richard.
Tom is the (tall) boy in the class.
Athens is (far) from London than Rome is.
Jack (rich) than Richard, but I don’t think he is (happy) than Richard.
Our neighbors have (many) hens than we have, but they get (few) chickens.
He doesn’t look a day (old) than forty.
What (nice) present is there than a box of chocolates?
Susan is (old) than Mark; she is the (old) of the family.
Summer is (warm) than winter.
Robert and Paul are the (noisy) boys that I know.
Boys are always (noisy) than girls.
Summer is the (warm) of the four seasons.
Winter in London is (foggy) than in Paris.
These are the (bad) cigarettes I have ever smoked.
I think I am the (bad) dancer in the world! – You are not (bad) than I am.
Your work is much (good) than I thought.
London is (big) than Manchester. Manchester is (small) than London.
A train goes faster than a ship, but not as (fast) as a plane. Which is the (fast)? Which is the (slow)?
It is (hot) in Athens than it is in London; it is not as (hot) in Oslo as it is in London. Which of the three cities is the (hot)? Which is the (cold)?
This is the (wonderful) and (beautiful) film I have ever seen.

2.6. Выберите правильную форму прилагательного

Albert is (elder – older) than James.
This bus will not carry (much more – many more) than forty people.
There are three routes leading to Court Square, but this one has the (least – fewest) turns.
Henry is the (oldest – eldest) of the three brothers.
I can walk (farther – further) than you without becoming tired.
Have you nothing (farther – further) to say?
When he died, his (oldest – eldest) son was only eight years old.
The ice-breaker is equipped with all the (last – latest) navigation instruments.
He bought the toys at the (next – nearest) store.
The (next - nearest) house was a new building.

2.7. Вставьте few, a few, little, a little.

My sister likes … sugar in her tea, but I like a lot in mine.
There was still … time before the lesson began.
He has … knowledge of the subject. You’d better ask somebody else.
We got … pleasure from the trip; the weather was bad all the time.
“Are there many vacant rooms in the hotel?” “No, there are only … .”
There is … sunshine in this rainy place.
She said she wanted to buy … rice and … oranges.
“Do many people know about this new shop?” “No, only … .”

Раскройте скобки, используя герундий

The windows are very dirty, they need (clean).
It’s very hot, so you don’t need (bring).
The house is old, and it wants (paint) badly.
The famous man didn’t need (introduce) himself.
The floor is covered with dust; it needs (sweep).
The grass in the garden is very dry; it wants (water) badly.
The planners didn’t realize they would need (build) so many houses.
This shirt is quite clean; it doesn’t want (wash) yet.
Her shoes have holes in them; they want (mend).
The room was in a terrible mess: it needed (tidy up).
The baby’s crying; I think he needs (feed).
I know my hair want (cut) but I never have time to go to the hair-dresser’s.
John needed (cheer up) when he heard that he’d failed his exams.
You should tidy the garden. – Yes, it needs (tidy). The roses want (water), the peaches want (pick), the grass wants (out).

Система времен английского глагола

Времена группы Indefinite
Согласование сказуемого с подлежащим
3.1. Выберите правильную форму сказуемого:
1. Every student _____ to the meeting.

A have been invited B has been invited

2. One of my friends ______ in Britain.

A study B studies

3. Her hair _____ short.

A is cut B are cut

4. Everyone ____ the fact very well.

A know B knows

5. The money ____ on the table.

A are B is

6. The news about Linda ____ surprising.

A is B are

7. Our long vacation ____ in summer.

A is B are

8. Nobody ___ harder than John.

A work B works

9. What colour ___ her hair?

A are B is

10. His advice ____ always reasonable.

A is B are

11. His hair ______ getting thin.

A is B are

12. Everybody ____ called.

A have been B has been

13. Each student ____ to answer this question.

A is B are

14. The young _____ .

A likes B like

Adverbs of frequency

Составьте предложения

cinema / you / to / often / go / the / do / ?
meat / never / eat / I / because / don’t / I / it / like.
listen / evening / the / to / parents / radio / the / my / always / in.
holiday / how / do / have / often / a / you / ?
sometimes / restaurant / we / Japanese / go / a / to /.
for / late / never / am / school / I.

Времена группы Continuous

Выберите правильнуюформу: Present Indefinite или Present Continuous

1. It often … in autumn. ( A – is raining; B – rains)

2. I don’t understand what language he … (A – is speaking; B – speaks)

3. He … that you usually go to the South in summer. (A – is knowing; B- knows)

4. He is the best sportsman in our class. He … tennis well. (A – is playing; B- plays)

5. Listen! Who … such a terrible noise? (A- is making; B- makes)

6. Water … at 100 C. (A- is boiling; B- boils)

7. My brother always … me. (A- is helping; B- helps)

8. … that noise in the street? (A – Are you hearing; B- Do you hear)

Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму ( Present Indefinite или Present Continuous).

Where’s the old man living now? – He (live) with his married daughter. He usually (live) with her for six months every year.
He’s a night man. He works at night and (sleep) in the daytime. It’s now noon and he still (sleep).
What’s your brother doing? – He (do) the crossword in the newspaper. He (do) it every day.
He wants to buy a car, but first he must learn how to drive, so he (take) driving lessons.
“Is Mary ready to come out?” “No, she still (dress).”
He often (read) detective stories; he (read) a very good one.
“What are they talking about?” “They (talk) about literature. They always (talk) about literature when they see each other.”

следующая страница>