Министерство внутренних дел
Российской Федерации
Краснодарский университет
Е.Э.Нетребко
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ-ЭКОНОМИСТОВ
ЧАСТЬ 2
Учебное пособие
Краснодар
2011
ББК 81.2 Англ Рекомендовано
Редакционно-издательским советом
Краснодарского университета
МВД России
Рецензенты:
Я.Г.Фалько, кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры (ОГ и СЭ КММИВСО);
И.В.Мятченко, кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры русского и иностранных языков (Краснодарский университет МВД РФ).
Нетребко Е.Э.
Английский для студентов-экономистов.
Часть 2.
Учебное пособие составлено в соответствии с Государственным образовательным стандартом высшего профессионального образования по специальности 080109.65 – Бухгалтерский учет анализ и аудит и примерной программой по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский). Учебное пособие, предназначенное для курсантов слушателей и студентов Краснодарского университета МВД. 124 с.
ББК 81.2
Краснодарский университет МВД России
Нетребко Е.Э.
2011
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Учебное пособие «Английский для студентов – экономистов», часть 2 является одним из циклов учебных материалов на иностранном языке (английский), предназначенных для курсантов, слушателей и студентов, обучающихся по специальности 080109.65 – «Бухгалтерский учет, анализ, аудит». Данное учебное пособие рассчитано на 110 часов практических занятий (III – IV семестры). Оно носит практический характер и составлено в соответствии с требованиями рабочей программы по подготовке экономистов для системы МВД. В учебном пособии содержится информация по специальности «Бухгалтерский учет, анализ, аудит», которая может быть полезна студентам любого вуза с подобного рода тематикой. Основная цель данного учебного пособия - обеспечить практическое владение обучающихся всеми видами речевой деятельности по данной специальности.
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
Семестр III
Тема 8. Понятие о бизнесе.
The Concept of Business……………………….....5
Тема 9. Менеджмент. Management…………………………………………...12
Тема 10. Маркетинг. Marketing………………………………………………....18
Тема 11.Бухгалтерский учет. Accounting ……………...………………….….25
Тема 12. Финансы. Finance ………………….…………….………………….29
Семестр VI
Тема 13. Поиск информации.
Computer-Based Information Search…………34
Тема 14. Работа с цифровыми данными. Dealing with Numerical Data…….42
Тема 15. Экономическая политика. Economic Policy. Инфляция. Inflation...50
Тема 16. Налоговое право. Taxation Law……………………………………...55
Тема 17. Международная торговля. Foreign Trade. Валютная биржа. Stock Exchange…………………………………………………..…………..61
Тема 18. Понятие экономики. Банки… What Is Economics?………………..69
Тема 19. Деловое и частное письмо. Business Writing and Private Letters. Устройство на работу. Employment………………………………….76
Тесты ……………………………………………………………………..………94
Литература…………………………………………………………..………….124
Семестр III
Тема 8
ПОНЯТИЕ О БИЗНЕСЕ
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Выпишите и выучите незнакомые слова.
The Concept of Business
Business is a word that is commonly used in many languages. Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things people wanted or needed. Nowadays, the concept and activities of business have increased. One definition of business is production, distribution, and sale of goods or services for a profit. To examine this definition, let us look at its different parts.
First, production is the creation of services or processing of materials into products. Example is the conversion of iron ore into metal car parts. Next, these products need to be moved from the plant to the marketplace. This is known as distribution. A car might be moved from a plant in Germany to a car dealership in Poland. Third is the sale of goods and services. Sale is the exchange of a product or service for money. A car is sold to someone in exchange for money.
Goods are, products that people either need or want; for example, cars can be classified as goods.
Services, on the other hand, are activities that a person or group perform for another person or organization. For example, an auto mechanic performs a service when he repairs a car. A barber renders a service when he cuts your hair.
Business, then, is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution, and sale. However, there is another important factor, i.e., creation of profit or economic surplus. A major goal in the functioning of any business company is making a profit. Profit is the money that remains after all the expenses are paid. Creating an economic surplus or profit is, therefore, a primary goal of business activity.
The three traditional forms of business are the sole proprietorship, the partnership, and the corporation. The sole proprietorship means going into business for oneself. All one needs is some knowledge about the business, start-up capital and knowledge of regulations. The partnership is an association of two or more people involved in business under a written partnership agreement. The corporation is the legal entity having a right to issue stock certificates. The people who own such stock certificates (or shares) are called stockholders/ shareholders. They in fact own the corporation.
II. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is one modern definition of business?
2. What does distribution involve?
3. What differ goods from services?
4. What are the constituents of business?
5. What is profit?
6. Give the three forms of business.
Комментарий
III. Запомните эти слова и составьте с ними предложения.
Nouns
|
Существительные
|
business
|
бизнес, дело, коммерческое предприятие
|
production
|
производство
|
distribution
|
доставка, распределение
|
sale
|
продажа, реализация
|
sales
|
сбыт
|
profit
|
прибыль
|
good
|
товар
|
service
|
услуга
|
expenses/ expenditures/ costs
|
расходы, издержки
|
exchange
|
1) обмен, 2) биржа
|
definition
|
определение, дефиниция
|
activity
|
деятельность
|
sole proprietorship
|
индивидуальное предпринимательство
|
partnership
|
товарищество
|
corporation
|
корпорация
|
start-up capital
|
стартовый капитал
|
legal entity
|
юридическое лицо
|
physical entity/ individual
|
физическое лицо
|
entrepreneur
|
предприниматель
|
stock
|
1) основной капитал, акция (Am. E.), 2) запг
|
share
|
1) доля, квота, 2) акция (Br. E.)
|
stockholder (Am. E.)/ shareholder (Br. E.)
|
акционер
|
Verbs
|
Глаголы
|
need
|
нуждаться
|
want
|
желать
|
exchange
|
обменивать
|
consume
|
потреблять
|
perform
|
выполнять
|
own
|
владеть
|
undertake
|
предпринимать
|
Adjectives & Adverbs
|
Прилагательные и наречия
|
major
|
главный
|
primary
|
основной, первостепенный
|
traditional
|
традиционный
|
commonly
|
вообще, в общем пользовании
|
IV. Запомните толкование этих слов на английском языке.
Company (n)
|
registered business
|
Production (n)
|
producing goods and creating services
|
Distribution (n)
|
moving things from the place of production to the market place
|
Sale (n)
|
exchange of a product or service for money
|
Profit (n)
|
the money that remains after all the expenses are paid
|
Good (n)
|
product that people either need or want
|
Service (n)
|
activity that a person or people perform for another person or organization
|
Entrepreneur (n)
|
a businessperson, someone who starts and builds a business
|
Contract (n)
|
legal agreement between two people or organizations
|
Competition (n)
|
trying to do better than another company
|
Competitor (n)
|
person or company who tries to do better than another person or company
|
Competitive (adj)
|
hard, as a result of competition
|
Практика
V. Приведите в соответствие термины и их перевод.
production
|
Прибыль
|
distribution
|
Акция
|
sale
|
Доставка
|
profit
|
Производство
|
sole proprietorship
|
Товарищество
|
partnership
|
Акционер
|
stock
|
Продажа
|
stockholder
|
индивидуальное предпринимательство
|
VI. Сопоставьте каждое слово из левой колонки с его синонимом из правой колонки.
production
|
Share
|
stock
|
Company
|
major
|
Efficient
|
producer
|
Manufacturer
|
good
|
in general
|
business
|
Manufacturing
|
productive
|
Primary
|
commonly
|
Product
|
VII. Приведите в соответствие термины из левой колонки с их толкованием из правой колонки
Entrepreneur
|
person or company who tries to do better than another person or company
|
Competition
|
legal agreement between two people or organizations
|
Sale
|
the money that remains after all the expenses are paid
|
Contract
|
moving things from the place of production to the market place
|
Distribution
|
trying to do better than another company
|
Company
|
a businessperson, someone who starts and builds a business
|
Profit
|
exchange of a product or service for money
|
Competitor
|
registered business
|
VIII. Выберите подходящее из выделенных слов и вставьте его в предложение.
1.
production/ produced/productive/product
A. In 1992, China____________500 thousand metric tons of rice.
B. The ___________ phase encompasses product research and development, purchase of materials, and manufacturing.
C. Our___________is so successful that we are rapidly running out of stock.
D. Jim proved to be very_______________.
2. distribution/ distributor/ distribute
A. Factory representatives_____________products to wholesalers and retailers.
B. Moving a truckload of apples from the orchard to the supermarket is an example of_____________.
С British Leyland is an importer and___________by trade.
3.
sales/ sell/ sale
A. How efficiently a company_____________its products will in large measure determine its success.
B. A company's annual report includes the____________figures for the current fiscal year.
C. Sam got a___________with one of the top manufacturers.
4.
profits/ profit/ profitable
A. The farm is a highly___________business.
B. The company explores natural resources to its own____________.
C._____________have only slightly increased, therefore we have had to cut further investment.
5.
allocated/ allocation/ allocate
A. The company's management can___________resources properly.
B. The resources to be____________are scarce.
C. A manager should monitor the___________of responsibilities.
IX. Классифицируйте реальные жизненные ситуации согласно предложенной схеме.
• production of goods
• rendering services
• distribution of goods
• sale of goods
• sale of services
Examples:
A refinery turns oil into gasoline.
The gasoline is moved to the gas station.
A gas station sells gasoline to a customer.
An auto mechanic repairs a car.
A truck moves spare parts across the country.
A waiter takes your order for dinner.
A farmer grows vegetables.
A warehouse keeps these books before a bookstore.
A secretary answers incoming calls.
A newsagent sells you The Guardian.
A barber cuts hair.
A chemical plant converses raw materials into fertilizers.
X. Напишите производные от глаголов слова согласно предложенной схеме. Первый дан как образец.
Глагол
|
Существительное (понятие)
|
Существительное (агент)
|
Прилагательное/ причастие
|
Produce
|
Production
|
Producer
|
Productive
|
Consume
|
|
|
|
Distribute
|
|
|
|
Sell
|
|
|
|
Profit
|
|
|
|
Perform
|
|
|
|
Allocate
|
|
|
|
Own
|
|
|
|
|
Entrepreneurship
|
|
|
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